308L (including ER308LSi) is predominately used on austenitic stainless steels, such as types 301, 302, 304, 305 and cast alloys CF-8 and CF-3. For high temperature applications such as in the electrical power industry, the high carbon 308H electrode provides better creep resistance than does 308L.
316L (including ER316LSi) filler metal should be used with 316L and 316 base metals. CF-8M and CF-3M are the cast equivalents of 316 and 316L, respectively.
Use 309L (including ER309LSi) when joining mild steel or low alloy steel to stainless steels, for joining dissimilar stainless steels such as 409 to itself or to 304L stainless, as well as for joining 309 base metal. CG-12 is the cast equivalent of 309. Some 308L applications may be substituted with 309L filler metal, but 316L or 316 applications generally require molybdenum and 309L contains no molybdenum.
Type 347 stainless steel filler metal is ideal for 347 and 321 base materials because it matches these stabilized grades. CF-8C is the cast equivalent of 347. Type 347 filler metal is also suitable most 308L filler metal applications.
(excerpts from: Lincoln Electric)
Thursday, April 10, 2008
Tuesday, April 8, 2008
Welding Oven
The frequently asked question about welding oven is, why welding oven is needed?
Welding Oven is very critical to any welding job especially when low hydrogen electrodes are being used. Hydrogen cracking can be avoided by having this stuff and by baking the electrode and store it in a holding oven to keep low hydrogen electrodes dry. Hydrogen cracking is likely to occur when the low hydrogen electrodes that are used are wet or the moisture content is above the required limit for a low hydrogen electrode. The moisture content will be controlled if the low hydrogen electrodes are baked and stored in a holding oven prior to usage.
Welding Oven is very critical to any welding job especially when low hydrogen electrodes are being used. Hydrogen cracking can be avoided by having this stuff and by baking the electrode and store it in a holding oven to keep low hydrogen electrodes dry. Hydrogen cracking is likely to occur when the low hydrogen electrodes that are used are wet or the moisture content is above the required limit for a low hydrogen electrode. The moisture content will be controlled if the low hydrogen electrodes are baked and stored in a holding oven prior to usage.
BENCHMARKING
There is a notion about benchmarking wherein you will just visit a company and try to imitate their practices and hope for improvement. Remember that benchmarking is a mutual learning process. You must ensure that both parties will learn from each other to attain its maximum benefits.
Suggestion for Benchmarking
Review the processes under study and identify your best practices as well as your practices that need improvement.
Come up with a list of prospective companies, whom you think has the best approaches to the process under study.
Take a look also on what your competitors are doing (not directly, of course) (I suggest you visit companies who won the “Philippine Quality Award”. They are open to those who want to benchmark their practices).
Come up with your benchmarking objectives and communicate it with your prospective companies so that they will know the purpose of your visit.
Make an itinerary of your visit and communicate it to the company in advance before the visit (one week lead time is preferred). You must list down in advance, all the process details needed to be observed.
During the visit, be able to share first your best practices so that they can also learn from you and brief them on your benchmarking objectives. Stick with the itinerary and note down all the observations based on the company’s actual practices. You must ensure that the objectives are met before you leave the company.
After the visit, compare your practices against the companies you’ve visited. It is important that you have a judgment criteria on its applicability whether you will adopt the process 100%, modify the process to suit you own, or stick with you own process and find some other ways to improve.
Implement the best applicable practices and monitor the results.
Don’t forget to thank the companies you have benchmarked and report to them the improvement you have made based on their inputs.
After a series of continual improvements, repeat step 1.
COURTESY OF PARENG RAMSEL
Suggestion for Benchmarking
Review the processes under study and identify your best practices as well as your practices that need improvement.
Come up with a list of prospective companies, whom you think has the best approaches to the process under study.
Take a look also on what your competitors are doing (not directly, of course) (I suggest you visit companies who won the “Philippine Quality Award”. They are open to those who want to benchmark their practices).
Come up with your benchmarking objectives and communicate it with your prospective companies so that they will know the purpose of your visit.
Make an itinerary of your visit and communicate it to the company in advance before the visit (one week lead time is preferred). You must list down in advance, all the process details needed to be observed.
During the visit, be able to share first your best practices so that they can also learn from you and brief them on your benchmarking objectives. Stick with the itinerary and note down all the observations based on the company’s actual practices. You must ensure that the objectives are met before you leave the company.
After the visit, compare your practices against the companies you’ve visited. It is important that you have a judgment criteria on its applicability whether you will adopt the process 100%, modify the process to suit you own, or stick with you own process and find some other ways to improve.
Implement the best applicable practices and monitor the results.
Don’t forget to thank the companies you have benchmarked and report to them the improvement you have made based on their inputs.
After a series of continual improvements, repeat step 1.
COURTESY OF PARENG RAMSEL
High-paying jobs await HS graduates who takes vocational courses
As what I am telling since I started this site, WELDING is one of the high-paying jobs in overseas especially in Middle East. The news (SEE BELOW NEWS HEADLINE FROM PHILIPPINE STAR, or CLICK THE TITLE ABOVE TO GO DIRECTLY TO PHILIPPINE STAR) is one of the proof that what I am saying is a reality.
The Welding Training Institute of Tarlac will soon to open to cater the needs of these High School graduates who want to pursue their welding career here and in overseas.
If you are from Tarlac and keen to study or keen to take a Welding Trainig Course (Shielded Metal Arc Welding-SMAW), just keep me informed in this site and I will help you build your future in welding as a WELDER, for those degree holder who who want to pursue their Welding Inspetion and QA/QC Career, I can help you build your future in Welding Inspection. I will run a Welding Inspector's Course on June 16-20. Come and join me in the training. Keep me informed in this site so that I can cater your needs.
The Welding Training Institute of Tarlac will soon to open in Tarlac City. You are welcome to attend all the training in my Institution once it is started.
TAKEN FROM PHILIPPINE STAR - ARTICLES
Headlines
High-paying jobs await HS graduates who take vocational courses
Tuesday, April 8, 2008
High-paying jobs abroad await new high school graduates who will opt for shorter but in demand vocational courses, the local recruitment industry reported yesterday.
Recruitment companies said Filipino high school graduates who take vocational courses that are in demand in money-rich countries in the Middle East will have a better a chance at lucrative employment abroad.
Lito Soriano, president of LBS-E Recruitment, said high school graduates should consider taking technical vocational courses at this time if they want lucrative job opportunities.
“The Philippines can take advantage of the pressing need for skilled workers in trillion-dollar projects in the Middle East if many of our high school graduates will shift to schools offering tech-voc subjects like auto servicing, technical drawing/drafting, building wire installation, shielded metal arc welding, machining, pipefitting, metal craft, and carpentry,” Soriano pointed out.
At the moment, Soriano said the country is unable to meet job orders abroad due to the shortage of workers with vocational skills. “Recruitment companies are already competing with each other for the very few skilled workers for their job orders mainly from the Middle East,” he disclosed.
Soriano explained that most foreign employers are looking for highly-qualified construction workers such as welders, flame cutters, pipe fitters, and carpenters due to construction booms in various countries abroad.
He called on the government to undertake massive training programs to enable the country to meet the growing global demand for highly skilled workers. — Mayen Jaymalin
The Welding Training Institute of Tarlac will soon to open to cater the needs of these High School graduates who want to pursue their welding career here and in overseas.
If you are from Tarlac and keen to study or keen to take a Welding Trainig Course (Shielded Metal Arc Welding-SMAW), just keep me informed in this site and I will help you build your future in welding as a WELDER, for those degree holder who who want to pursue their Welding Inspetion and QA/QC Career, I can help you build your future in Welding Inspection. I will run a Welding Inspector's Course on June 16-20. Come and join me in the training. Keep me informed in this site so that I can cater your needs.
The Welding Training Institute of Tarlac will soon to open in Tarlac City. You are welcome to attend all the training in my Institution once it is started.
TAKEN FROM PHILIPPINE STAR - ARTICLES
Headlines
High-paying jobs await HS graduates who take vocational courses
Tuesday, April 8, 2008
High-paying jobs abroad await new high school graduates who will opt for shorter but in demand vocational courses, the local recruitment industry reported yesterday.
Recruitment companies said Filipino high school graduates who take vocational courses that are in demand in money-rich countries in the Middle East will have a better a chance at lucrative employment abroad.
Lito Soriano, president of LBS-E Recruitment, said high school graduates should consider taking technical vocational courses at this time if they want lucrative job opportunities.
“The Philippines can take advantage of the pressing need for skilled workers in trillion-dollar projects in the Middle East if many of our high school graduates will shift to schools offering tech-voc subjects like auto servicing, technical drawing/drafting, building wire installation, shielded metal arc welding, machining, pipefitting, metal craft, and carpentry,” Soriano pointed out.
At the moment, Soriano said the country is unable to meet job orders abroad due to the shortage of workers with vocational skills. “Recruitment companies are already competing with each other for the very few skilled workers for their job orders mainly from the Middle East,” he disclosed.
Soriano explained that most foreign employers are looking for highly-qualified construction workers such as welders, flame cutters, pipe fitters, and carpenters due to construction booms in various countries abroad.
He called on the government to undertake massive training programs to enable the country to meet the growing global demand for highly skilled workers. — Mayen Jaymalin
Monday, April 7, 2008
What is Quality?
From the ISO 8402 Definition
Quality is:
The totality of characteristics of an item that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs
Quality is:
The totality of characteristics of an item that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs
Sunday, April 6, 2008
Lamellar tearing
Occurence of step-like crack. This problem involves poor "through thickness" ductility and visually occurs in tee or corner joints thick ferritic steels where high shrinkage starins act through the plate thickness in combination with parent metal inclusion.
Saturday, April 5, 2008
What is Film Artefacts?
Film artefacts are images form during radiography and film processing which are not a defect or a change in component thickness.
Example of film artefacts are;
Streakiness
Crimp Marks
Drying Marks
Diffraction Mottling
Dirty Intensifying Screens
Static Marks
Solarization
Reticulation
Chemical Splashes
Water splashes
Example of film artefacts are;
Streakiness
Crimp Marks
Drying Marks
Diffraction Mottling
Dirty Intensifying Screens
Static Marks
Solarization
Reticulation
Chemical Splashes
Water splashes
Causes of Weld Spatters
The following are some of the causes of weld spatters.
1.) Current is excessive
2.) The electrode is damp
3.) Contamination
4.) Arc blow
1.) Current is excessive
2.) The electrode is damp
3.) Contamination
4.) Arc blow
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)